Urban conflict will likely continue to be a prominent characteristic of 21 st century warfare. Israel has amassed significant experience in this area, experts say. Moreover, major cities in Europe and Africa have been targets of terrorist groups. As the Department of Defense moves to implement its AI strategy, both civilian and military decision-makers should therefore explicitly address the role of AI in urban warfare. Philippe MICHEL-KLEISBAUER (France) 20 October 2020. The consensus on increasing population densities and future urbanisation trends demand that urban operations receive more attention in the design of future forces than currently afforded. For more information about CIVIC’s work on urban war, please contact Sahr Muhammedally, sahr@civiliansinconflict.org. The ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ (BRI) has since become the boldest expression yet of China’s global economic, diplomatic, and strategic…, The COVID-19 crisis has a significant short- and long-term impact on many aspects of the civilian dimension of security. Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), https://civiliansinconflict.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Sahr-Urban-Warfare-Captioned-Final.mp4. The Changing Character of Warfare: The Urban Operational Environment This is a new pamphlet, dated 9 April 2020. o This is a new publication intended to describe the future urban operational environment the This report provides a short, general overview of the threats that NATO forces are likely to face in urban warfare and how technology can help NATO Allies meet these challenges. The speed and the scale of the virus’ global spread have been…, As 2020 marks the 20th anniversary of the unanimous adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security (WPS), this draft general report takes stock of the progress achieved in advancing the implementation of the resolution in the…, “A global pandemic is not a question of if, but when and how bad”. At the same time, wars are increasingly likely to take place in densely populated areas. CIVIC’s dialogue with armed actors, including through scenario based trainings, encourages the adoption of good practices, policies, and procedures to mitigate harm to civilians before, during, and after operations. From urban riots and endemic urban violence in India and Pakistan to the ISIS … The focus of the rapporteur is on implications for NATO Allies and NATO as an organisation, on the promises that emerging technologies will provide as well as the challenges these technologies are likely to pose for NATO forces. In January 2017, the U.S. National Intelligence Council’s Global Trends report acknowledged steady urbanisation and human migration to cities as an emerging security challenge. In 2018, the House Armed Services Committee’s Subcommittee on Intelligence and Emerging Threats and Capabilities supported the creation of a dedicated urban combat training school. The rise of megacities, urban areas with populations of 10 million or more, significantly complicates fighting in urban terrain. The traditional approach to urban operations lacks the ability to gain information and knowledge regarding enemy locations, movements and status in an urban environment. Already today an estimated 55% of the world’s population live in urban areas. By speaking with civilians in conflict-affected areas, we see first-hand the challenges of urban war. The rapid rise of the People’s Republic of China in the last part of the 20th century and early decades of the 21st century represents a paradigm shift in global affairs comparable in magnitude to the collapse of the Soviet Union. The previous year the Turkish military announced its intention to open an urban warfare school to improve its future combat operations in heavily populated residential areas after struggling in operations against the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK). The Rapporteur reviews…, The strength of encryption today has had a positive effect for groups which need protection from governments or law enforcement, for example whistle blowers or journalists operating in repressive countries. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) has descended into turmoil since 2010/2011 – a  period that also coincided with…, Report Title: The Internet of Things: Promises and Perils of a Disruptive TechnologyRapporteur: Matej TONIN (Slovenia)Year: 2017 To date, NATO has coordinated well over 350 missions to…, Clear messaging from policy declarations and actions signal Moscow is doing its best to assert Russia’s power in a multipolar world. In Urban Warfare, Rolnik charts how the financialisation of housing has become a global crisis, as home ownership and private property become the sole model of social advancement around the world. Increasing Russian national levers of power will permit Russia to counterbalance US power in the Euro-Atlantic and beyond. 4 Future Threats to U.S. Airpower in Urban Warfare 45–61; 5 Combatant Identification in Urban Warfare 62–72; 6 Biotechnology Trends Relevant to Warfare Initiatives 73–82; 7 Findings and Recommendations 83–86; Appendix A Biographical Sketches of Committee Members 87–96; Appendix B Presentations to the Committee 97–98 Your rapporteur also outlines some of the challenges Allies…, Informing and educating the public about NATO, its structures, operations, objectives and the threats it protects the Euro-Atlantic populations from are essential to ensure understanding of and support for the organisation. Another crucial element is dramatic reform of the reserves and civil defense units, creating urban and guerrilla warfare units. This STCTTS report was adopted on Sunday 13 October 2019 by the Science and Technology Committee at the 65th Annual Session of the NATO Parliamentary Assembly in London, United Kingdom. Indeed, some members of the latter – not…, The global community is currently undergoing the most consequential pandemic since the outbreak of Spanish influenza in 1918-19. Science and Technology Committee (STC) noted its worry “that NATO’s technological edge is eroding”. Civilians are often trapped between opposing forces and take enormous risks as they attempt to move to safer areas. A potted history of urban warfare: Stalingrad, 1942-43: Soviet defence of Stalingrad in World War II cost the attacking German army dearly and established the conditions for a Russian counter-offensive that was decisive in the wider context of the war. This special report firstly examines the link between repressive policies and the aggravation of the health crisis. As part of this renewed focus, 13 members of parliament from eight Allied states and two…, Report Title: Maintaining NATO’s Technology Edge: Strategic Adaptation and Defence Research & DevelopmentRapporteur: Thomas MARINO (United States) Year: 2017 This reflects both convergent and divergent interests in the region, but it is also emblematic of more enduring changes underway in the…, As the COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing recession are transforming the global security landscape, the Gulf region finds itself in a particularly vulnerable situation. Urban warfare is combat conducted in urban areas such as towns and cities. Use Up/Down Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume. These trends must be considered in the military sphere, matched with advances in our adversaries’ capabilities and operational concepts, and superimposed over a U.S. military that has been engaged in a non-stop state of all-consuming counter-insurgency warfare for the last 15-plus years. The trends of rapid population growth and urbanization in the less developed countries of the world have increased political instability to a tipping point in many spots around the globe. Therefore, the ability to conduct urban operations will be indispensable. CIVIC is participating in Ireland-led state and NGO consultations on a Draft Political Declaration on Strengthening the Protection of Civilians from Humanitarian Harm arising from the use of Explosive Weapons in Populated Areas. urban environment.1 It stands for Understand, Shape, Engage, Consolidate, and Transition. E-mail Citation » A comprehensive look at urban warfare from World War II through the US-Iraq War. Please consider investing now and help build a future free of civilian harm. STC Chairperson Maria Martens (Netherlands) led the delegation, consisting of 19 members of parliament from 15 Allied countries.…, Over the last two years, the Science and Technology Committee (STC) has focused extensively on technological risks and opportunities and on how NATO must adapt to an era of rapid technological change. Given the Alliance’s democratic nature and…, The Gulf, like other parts of the Middle East, is both a source of friction and cooperation between Europe and the United States. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Urbanisation is one of the most prevalent global trends of the 21st century. It will be complex, intense and offer our adversaries many advantages. These components can be employed separately, sequentially or simultaneously. Urban combat operations may be conducted to capitalize on strategic or tactical advantages associated with the possession or the … Political violence is now an urban phenomenon, and will only become more so. 2020 - REPORT - URBAN WARFARE. Urban Warfare Mobility Analysis Final Report Prepared for Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division by BOOZALLEN & HAMILTON ... • Lack of data concerning specific trends of global urbanization, to include the use of road materials, road widths, building materials, and … Beyond the new biome (with a fresh and desperately needed sorting filter to make the new Urban Warfare biomes easy to find), there are 50 new planets, plenty of new choice moments with your crew, Lostech, as well as a few linked story missions. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. course of urban warfare in the future. This aligns with previous research to the same effect, in particular a report published in the U.S. Army War College Quarterly, Parameters: “The Case for Megacities.” The authors make the case that, “The Army m… This STC General report was adopted on Sunday 13 October 2019 by the Science and Technology Committee at the 65th Annual Session of the NATO Parliamentary Assembly in London, United Kingdom. The need to engage enemies embedded in urban combat zones, megacities (metropolitan areas with more than 10 million inhabitants) and other populated regions is a challenge that is set to become increasingly prevalent for security forces around the world. According to Gen. Milley, “we’re going to have to, as we move forward in the next 10 years, optimize the army for urban warfare.” Battles in open terrain will increasingly be a thing of the past, as vast urbanization in developing countries is driving the majority of the world’s population into cities. As large cities grow increasingly influential, it is reasonable to assume that we may find ourselves operating in severely restricted urban terrain. Using its expanding…, The relationship between NATO and the European Union (EU) – arguably the two most powerful multilateral bodies in modern history – is a recurring theme in international political debates, not only in Europe but also in NATO. Lizzy Lowe, Macquarie ... We need a more sustainable way to deal with urban insect pests. Across their fleet, they utilise two calibres, 125mm for tanks and 30mm for IFVs. 88, March 2019 Urbanization is a relentless trend, and as cities grow and expand, armed conflict and violence are urbanizing as well. According to the 2016 United Nations World Cities report, two-thirds of the global population will live in cities by 2050 (Konaev and Spencer, 2018). However such technologies can also hide terrorist activities…, From 9-12 January, 32 members of parliament from 15 NATO member countries visited Abu Dhabi to discuss the broad geopolitical situation in the Gulf, the foreign and defence policy of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and to participate in a…, 5 June 2018 - Members of the NATO Parliamentary Assembly (NATO PA) Sub-Committee on Democratic Governance (CDSCG) and Sub-Committee on Technology Trends and Security (STCTTS) paid a visit to Norway from 7 to 9 May 2018. The battle against bugs: it’s time to end chemical warfare February 17, 2019 1.57pm EST. This week we have another discussion on urban warfare. The situation is likely to continue as population growth, climate change and competition over natural resources, and sectarian and religious tensions will alter the international security environment, and certainly challenge NATO Allies. Despite this history of ultimately failed urban insurgencies, and in spite of the non-negligible challenges would-be insurgents face in cities, global political violence is not only on the rise, but it is also increasingly more urban than rural. If you’ve picked up the Flashpoint expansion, there’s even a few of these to tackle. “In considera… As a result, socio-economic inequalities will rise, as will the risks of instability and conflict with city centres and residential neighbourhoods becoming battlefields (ICRC, May 2017). Oxford: Osprey, 2012. That doesn’t have to be the case, however. This collection of essays is about contemporary trends in war and warfare, and how they will shape the actions of belligerents in future conflicts. It continues to contribute to the fight that will lead to its ultimate defeat. Urban warfare has a catastrophic impact on civilian populations and poses serious legal and operational challenges. Already today, more than half of the world’s violent armed conflicts are taking place in cities, affecting some 50 million people (ICRC, June 2017). The World Health Organization (WHO) assessed COVID-19 as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. NATO forces have already been involved in urban combat in Iraq, Afghanistan, and other places and provided support to partner countries in urban combat operations. In cities — where 55 percent of the world’s population currently resides — civilians account for 90 percent of the casualties during war. Standardisation and commonality are key for overmatch, consequently, overmatch is partly gone explains Foss. Urban fighting will be extreme. The region’s volatile security environment was already of significant concern to the Allies and the…, The contemporary global liberal order, established in the aftermath of World War II, and the values of individual liberty, democracy, human rights and rule of law that underpin it have formed the foundation of the Alliance since its creation. The Metamorphosis of Warfare: Urbanization, Political Instability, and the Rise of Non-State Actors. Most…, This report argues that Russia’s meddling in elections and referenda is a threat to the Alliance and its members. Indeed, there have been four major pandemics over the last 120 years when flu…. The sheer economics of creating the high-tech force of 2025 will preclude us from having the large numbers required to conduct urban warfare the old-fashioned way. Urban warfare has a catastrophic impact on civilian populations and poses serious legal and operational challenges. By 2030, there will be 41 megacities (cities with more than 10 million inhabitants), mainly in poorly developed or developing countries. Pandemics, however, are not as rare as many have thought. CIVIC is also a member of the Steering Committee for the International Network on Explosive Weapons (INEW). Camouflaged and dispersed in urban, coastal, jungle and mountain areas, these weapons would be harder for PLA forces to find and destroy and could pummel an invasion force well before it reached land. As such, the report focuses on technological trends that will, or already do, have an impact on urban combat operations. In cities — where 55 percent of the world’s population currently resides — civilians … I argue we should be preparing—both physically and mentally—for urban combat. It is an area united by an important waterway that links the littoral countries and…, This special report provides a brief overview of the challenges that the Alliance is facing on the defence innovation front and how member nations and NATO as an organisation have begun to tackle the issue. Global urbanization trends and patterns of armed conflict, however, suggest that future conflicts will increasingly take place in cities. “Russia maintains a lot of commonalities. Urban Warfare Conference Programme. CIVIC also contributes to multilateral forums led by NATO, ICRC, Austria, Ireland, and OCHA, to highlight challenges and share good practices on civilian protection in urban war. The result is a U.S. military, and Urban combat differs from combat in the open at both the operational and the tactical levels. Urbanization is a relentless trend, and as cities grow and expand, armed conflict and violence are urbanizing as well. The Future of Urban Warfare in the Age of Megacities Focus stratégique, No. As every sphere of human society is becoming increasingly more…. Some of the most significant environmental and geographic trends that could affect U.S. national security and the future of warfare are rising global temperatures, the opening of the Arctic, sea level rise, extreme weather events, water scarcity, and increasing urbanization. [...], In the almost two decades since the end of the large-scale use of force to change the territorial political reality in the Western Balkans, much has been accomplished. And yet, although conflict in cities is more prevalent now than in the past on account of demographic trends and urbanization, the supposedly challenging nature of urban warfare — as opposed to warfare in other “simpler” environments — is contradicted by … Russia has a new turret with a 30mm cannon and missile; that will be fitted onto their tracked vehicles and IFVs." While, like today, soldiers will continue to be the most important element of urban operations, we must radically change the way they fight. Download the conference programme. Armed actors hide themselves among civilian populations, exposing civilians to increasingly … It shows that human rights…. These developments have raised awareness in Allied capitals for the need to prepare NATO forces for urban combat. The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus epidemic which was first identified in China in late 2019 has expanded to touch nearly every corner of the globe. Future threats to U.S. airpower in urban warfare owe much to two factors—the trend toward globalization in aerospace and electronics, coupled with what has been observed to be the best way to defeat U.S. airpower: that is, not necessarily the head-to-head, platform-to-platform approach of the Cold War, but rather the exploitation of asymmetries. In recent years, cities like Aleppo, Sana’a, and Mosul have suffered siege warfare, aerial and artillery bombardments, and heavy street fighting. The use of explosive weapons with wide area effect often cause irreparable damage to essential services (water, electricity, sanitation, and hospitals), with enduring impacts on civilians’ health, safety, and well-being. The programme allows NATO Allies to focus on working very closely with select partners to make their defence institutions, forces and capabilities…, In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced perhaps the most ambitious investment and infrastructure programme ever conceived. Understood in…, [...] Today, NATO’s DCB initiative is an integral part of the core of NATO’s cooperative security outreach with partners. Urban Warfare: Past, Present, Future. The Internet of Things (IoT) has rightly been a technology buzzword for several years: it has the potential to disrupt…, Visual Identity Guide / Guide de l'identité visuelle, The Secretary General and the International Secretariat, Chronological list of Assembly Presidents, Committee on the Civil Dimension of Security, Mediterranean and Middle East Special Group, Rose-Roth Seminars & Parliamentary Training Porgrammes, 040 STCTTTS 20 E rev 2 fin - REPORT - URBAN WARFARE_0.pdf. Cities across the globe are expanding at unprecedented rates and this urban population boom is triggering a variety of social, political, economic, environmental and security challenges for local and national governments. This week we are talking about ‘Future war in cities: Urbanization’s challenge to strategic studies in the 21st century‘ by Michael Evans.It’s available here.. Armed actors are not trained or equipped to fight in urban areas, thus heightening the risk to civilians and civilian objects. Their efforts are driven by some key trends that are expected to shape urban environments in the future, including: More people are set to live in urban environments than ever before. Concrete Hell: Urban Warfare from Stalingrad to Iraq. We work with local communities to support their self-protection strategies and raise their protection concerns with governments and armed actors. The delegation consisted of 30 members of parliament from 17 NATO…, From 15 to 19 October, the NATO Parliamentary Assembly’s Science and Technology Committee (STC) visited San Diego and Silicon Valley. 100 civilians die in conflict every day. According to the 2016 United Nations World Cities report, two-thirds of the global population will live in cities by 2050 (Konaev and Spencer, 2018). The transatlantic Alliance finds itself in a new and dynamic strategic…, Report Title: Food and Water Security in the Middle East and North Africa Rapporteur: Maria MARTENS (the Netherlands)Year: 2017 In cities — where 55 percent of the world’s population currently resides — civilians account for 90 percent of the casualties during war. The majority of the states of the former Yugoslavia are now firmly entrenched in the Euro-Atlantic…, The Alliance reacted swiftly and effectively to do its part to mitigate the impact of the spreading coronavirus early in 2020. About 1 ½ years later, on 27 December 2019,…, The Black Sea region is at once alive with economic potential and imperilled by division, rivalry and conflict ¬¬¬– all with implications for the international system as a whole. Variations of this statement have over the years been repeated by countless health experts, yet when in late 2019 a novel coronavirus  emerged in the Chinese city of Wuhan, much of the world found…, One of the highlights of Russian President Vladimir Putin’s March 2018 State of the Nation address was the presentation of two new nuclear delivery systems, which, he claimed, could evade US anti-ballistic missile defences. In recognition of this general trend and their experience, NATO Allies, and NATO as an organisation, have begun to focus attention and resources on urban warfare and on building capabilities to facilitate urban missions. Armoured vehicle commonality is not widespread amongst NATO nations. All Rights Reserved. Urbanisation is one of the most prevalent global trends of the 21st century. Urban warfare: Conflict has been moving to populated areas at a frightening pace. The increasing trend of urbanisation is most tangible in developing countries which often do not have the resources to develop the infrastructure and services necessary to match this increase. Heavily focused on tactical and operational approaches to urban warfare. The continuing instability on NATO’s southern and south-eastern flanks and the trend towards urbanisation make it likely that the urban environment will be a relevant factor in many future conflicts involving NATO forces. Two years ago, the Modern War Institute's John Spencer wrote an article titled "A Soldier's Urban Warfare Christmas Wish List." Its conclusions have implications for the force design of Western militaries and signposts the adaptations that will need to be undertaken to meet the challenges of the next decade. Already today an estimated 55% of the world’s population live in urban areas. Complicating factors in urban warfare include the presence of civilians and the complexity of the urban terrain. As a consequence, the STC is redoubling its efforts to identify the challenges in meeting Alliance goals and to lend political support to rectify any shortcomings. © 2019 Center for Civilians in Conflict (CIVIC), By donating to Center for Civilians in Conflict today, you can have your investment matched by a generous donor, and double your impact. Armed actors hide themselves among civilian populations, exposing civilians to increasingly dangerous conditions and potential harm. This STC special report was adopted on Sunday 13 October 2019 by the Science and Technology Committee at the 65th Annual Session of the NATO Parliamentary Assembly in London, United Kingdom. In the recent past, cities such as Mosul, Aleppo, Sana'a, or Donetsk have been subjected to sieges, air and artillery strikes, and violent street fighting. Military planners and fiction writers are thinking deeply about the future of urban warfare and are postulating what it might look like. 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